Jute Wikipedia. Jute fiber being dried alongside a road after retting. Jute is a long, soft, shiny vegetable fiber that can be spun into coarse, strong threads. It is produced primarily from plants in the genus Corchorus, which was once classified with the family Tiliaceae, and more recently with Malvaceae. The primary source of the fiber is Corchorus olitorius, but it is considered inferior to Corchorus capsularis. Jute is the name of the plant or fiber that is used to make burlap, hessian or gunny cloth. The word jute is probably coined from the word jhuta or jota,2 an Oriya word. Jute is one of the most affordable natural fibers and it is second only to cotton in amount produced and variety of uses of vegetable fibers. Jute fibers are composed primarily of the plant materials cellulose and lignin. It falls into the bast fiber category fiber collected from bast, the phloem of the plant, sometimes called the skin along with kenaf, industrial hemp, flax linen, ramie, etc. The industrial term for jute fiber is raw jute. The fibers are off white to brown, and 14 metres 31. Jute is also called the golden fiber for its color and high cash value. Cultivationedit. Jute plants Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsularisJute needs a plain alluvial soil and standing water. TUfPaBkvHTE/WYPsYOG2J2I/AAAAAAAAPaU/eh90C-9G2xkiY1A5qBvtQxmig0ptYIgGwCLcBGAs/s1600/Britto%2Bby%2BSmaranjit%2BChakraborty.jpg' alt='Download Canvas Magazine Bangladesh Pdf' title='Download Canvas Magazine Bangladesh Pdf' />Latest trending topics being covered on ZDNet including Reviews, Tech Industry, Security, Hardware, Apple, and Windows. Torture asian and global perspectives. The suitable climate for growing jute warm and wet is offered by the monsoon climate, during the monsoon season. Temperatures from 2. C to 4. 0C and relative humidity of 7. Jute requires 58 cm of rainfall weekly, and more during the sowing time. Soft water is necessary for the jute production. White jute Corchorus capsulariseditHistorical documents including Ain e Akbari by Abul Fazal in 1. India used to wear clothes made of jute. Simple handlooms and hand spinning wheels were used by the weavers, who used to spin cotton yarns as well. History also suggests that Indians, especially Bengalis, used ropes and twines made of white jute from ancient times for household and other uses. It is highly functional in carrying grains or other agricultural products. Tossa jute Corchorus olitoriuseditTossa jute Corchorus olitorius is a variety thought to be native to India, and is also the worlds top producer. It is grown for both fiber and culinary purposes. The leaves are used as an ingredient in a mucilaginouspotherb called molokhiya, of uncertain etymology. It is very popular in some Arabian countries such as Egypt, Jordan, and Syria as a soup based dish, sometimes with meat over rice or lentils. The Book of Job chapter 3. King James translation of the Hebrew Bible Ma. LOo a salty,3 mentions this vegetable potherb as mallow. Giving rise to the term Jews Mallow4 It is high in protein, vitamin C, beta carotene, calcium, and iron. On the other hand, it is used mainly for its fiber in Bangladesh, in other countries in Southeast Asia, and the South Pacific. Tossa jute fiber is softer, silkier, and stronger than white jute. This variety astonishingly shows good sustainability in the climate of the Ganges Delta. Along with white jute, tossa jute has also been cultivated in the soil of Bengal where it is known as paat from the start of the 1. Coremantel, Bangladesh is the largest global producer of the tossa jute variety. HistoryeditFor centuries, jute has been an integral part of the culture of East Bengal and some parts of West Bengal, precisely in the southwest of Bangladesh. Since the seventeenth century the British started trading in jute. During the reign of the British Empire jute was also used in the military. British jute barons grew rich processing jute and selling manufactured products made from jute. Dundee Jute Barons and the British East India Company set up many jute mills in Bengal and by 1. Bengal overtook the Scottish jute trade. Many Scots emigrated to Bengal to set up jute factories. More than a billion jute sandbags were exported from Bengal to the trenches during World War I and also exported to the United States southern region to bag cotton. It was used in the fishing, construction, art and the arms industry. Initially, due to its texture, it could only be processed by hand until it was discovered in Dundee that by treating it with whale oil, it could be treated by machine. The industry boomed throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries jute weaver was a recognised trade occupation in the 1. UK census, but this trade had largely ceased by about 1. In the 2. 1st century, jute again rose to be an important crop for export around the world in contrast to synthetic fiber, mainly from Bangladesh. Productionedit. Jute stems being retted in water to separate the fibers. The jute fiber comes from the stem and ribbon outer skin of the jute plant. The fibers are first extracted by retting. The retting process consists of bundling jute stems together and immersing them in slow running water. There are two types of retting stem and ribbon. After the retting process, stripping begins women and children usually do this job. In the stripping process, non fibrous matter is scraped off, then the workers dig in and grab the fibers from within the jute stem. Jute is a rain fed crop with little need for fertilizer or pesticides, in contrast to cottons heavy requirements. Production is concentrated mostly in Bangladesh, as well as Indias states of Assam, Bihar, and West Bengal. India is the worlds largest producer of jute,8 but imported approximately 1. India, Pakistan, and China import significant quantities of jute fiber and products from Bangladesh, as do the United Kingdom, Japan, United States, France, Spain, Ivory Coast, Germany and Brazil. Top ten jute producers, by metric ton, as of 2. Country. Production Tonnes India. Bangladesh. 1,3. 49,0. Peoples Republic of China. Uzbekistan. 20,0. Nepal. 14,8. 90 South Sudan. Zimbabwe. 2,5. 19 Egypt. Brazil. 1,1. 72 Vietnam. World. 3,3. 93,2. At the beginning of the 2. Bangladesh commissioned a consortium of researchers from University of Dhaka, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute BJRI and private software firm Data. Soft Systems Bangladesh Ltd., in collaboration with Centre for Chemical Biology, University of Science Malaysia and University of Hawaii, to research different fibers and hybrid fibers of jute. The draft genome of jute Corchorus olitorius was completed. Macromedia Flash Player Free Download Full Version For Windows 7 there. Making twine, rope, and matting are among its uses. In combination with sugar, the possibility of using jute to build aeroplane panels has been considered. Jute is in great demand due to its cheapness, softness, length, lustre and uniformity of its fiber. It is called the brown paper bag as it is also used to store rice, wheat, grains, etc. It is also called the golden fiber due to its versatile nature. Jute fiber is extracted from retted stem of jute plants. Jute matting is used to prevent flood erosion while natural vegetation becomes established. For this purpose, a natural and biodegradable fiber is essential. Jute is the second most important vegetable fiber after cotton due to its versatility. Jute is used chiefly to make cloth for wrapping bales of raw cotton, and to make sacks and coarse cloth. The fibers are also woven into curtains, chair coverings, carpets, area rugs, hessian cloth, and backing for linoleum. While jute is being replaced by synthetic materials in many of these uses,citation needed some uses take advantage of jutes biodegradable nature, where synthetics would be unsuitable.