New-photoshoot-UHQ-one-direction-32805469-425-500.jpg' alt='One Direction S' title='One Direction S' />One Direction SplitAristotle Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, making contributions to logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology, botany, ethics, politics, agriculture, medicine, dance and theatre. He was a student of Plato who in turn studied under Socrates. He was more empirically minded than Plato or Socrates and is famous for rejecting Platos theory of forms. As a prolific writer and polymath, Aristotle radically transformed most, if not all, areas of knowledge he touched. It is no wonder that Aquinas referred to him simply as The Philosopher. In his lifetime, Aristotle wrote as many as 2. Unfortunately for us, these works are in the form of lecture notes and draft manuscripts never intended for general readership, so they do not demonstrate his reputed polished prose style which attracted many great followers, including the Roman Cicero. Aristotle was the first to classify areas of human knowledge into distinct disciplines such as mathematics, biology, and ethics. Some of these classifications are still used today. As the father of the field of logic, he was the first to develop a formalized system for reasoning. Aristotle observed that the validity of any argument can be determined by its structure rather than its content. A classic example of a valid argument is his syllogism All men are mortal Socrates is a man therefore, Socrates is mortal. Given the structure of this argument, as long as the premises are true, then the conclusion is also guaranteed to be true. F9B0000005DC-744_634x915.jpg' alt='One Direction Songs List' title='One Direction Songs List' />Aristotles brand of logic dominated this area of thought until the rise of modern propositional logic and predicate logic 2. Aristotles emphasis on good reasoning combined with his belief in the scientific method forms the backdrop for most of his work. For example, in his work in ethics and politics, Aristotle identifies the highest good with intellectual virtue that is, a moral person is one who cultivates certain virtues based on reasoning. And in his work on psychology and the soul, Aristotle distinguishes sense perception from reason, which unifies and interprets the sense perceptions and is the source of all knowledge. Aristotle famously rejected Platos theory of forms, which states that properties such as beauty are abstract universal entities that exist independent of the objects themselves. Instead, he argued that forms are intrinsic to the objects and cannot exist apart from them, and so must be studied in relation to them. However, in discussing art, Aristotle seems to reject this, and instead argues for idealized universal form which artists attempt to capture in their work. Aristotle was the founder of the Lyceum, a school of learning based in Athens, Greece and he was an inspiration for the Peripatetics, his followers from the Lyceum. Table of Contents. Life. Writings. Logic. Metaphysics. Philosophy of Nature. The Soul and Psychology. One Direction S' title='One Direction S' />Probing Putins Power What Do We Really Know About The Worlds Most Powerful Person Learn about FreshLook color contact lenses, explore the variety of color contacts, and signup for a free inoffice trial offer at freshlookcontacts. Aristotle 384322 B. C. E. Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, making contributions to logic, metaphysics, mathematics, physics, biology. One Direction S' title='One Direction S' />One Direction Solo SongsEthics. Politics. Art and Poetics. Life. Aristotle was born in 3. BCE at Stagirus, a now extinct Greek colony and seaport on the coast of Thrace. Gran Turismo 3 For Pc. His father Nichomachus was court physician to King Amyntas of Macedonia, and from this began Aristotles long association with the Macedonian Court, which considerably influenced his life. While he was still a boy his father died. At age 1. 7 his guardian, Proxenus, sent him to Athens, the intellectual center of the world, to complete his education. He joined the Academy and studied under Plato, attending his lectures for a period of twenty years. In the later years of his association with Plato and the Academy he began to lecture on his own account, especially on the subject of rhetoric. At the death of Plato in 3. Aristotle would seem to have designated him to succeed to the leadership of the Academy. But his divergence from Platos teaching was too great to make this possible, and Platos nephew Speusippus was chosen instead. At the invitation of his friend Hermeas, ruler of Atarneus and Assos in Mysia, Aristotle left for his court. He stayed three year and, while there, married Pythias, the niece of the King. In later life he was married a second time to a woman named Herpyllis, who bore him a son, Nichomachus. At the end of three years Hermeas was overtaken by the Persians, and Aristotle went to Mytilene. At the invitation of Philip of Macedonia he became the tutor of his 1. Alexander later world conqueror he did this for the next five years. Both Philip and Alexander appear to have paid Aristotle high honor, and there were stories that Aristotle was supplied by the Macedonian court, not only with funds for teaching, but also with thousands of slaves to collect specimens for his studies in natural science. These stories are probably false and certainly exaggerated. Upon the death of Philip, Alexander succeeded to the kingship and prepared for his subsequent conquests. Aristotles work being finished, he returned to Athens, which he had not visited since the death of Plato. He found the Platonic school flourishing under Xenocrates, and Platonism the dominant philosophy of Athens. He thus set up his own school at a place called the Lyceum. When teaching at the Lyceum, Aristotle had a habit of walking about as he discoursed. It was in connection with this that his followers became known in later years as the peripatetics, meaning to walk about. For the next thirteen years he devoted his energies to his teaching and composing his philosophical treatises. He is said to have given two kinds of lectures the more detailed discussions in the morning for an inner circle of advanced students, and the popular discourses in the evening for the general body of lovers of knowledge. At the sudden death of Alexander in 3. BCE., the pro Macedonian government in Athens was overthrown, and a general reaction occurred against anything Macedonian. A charge of impiety was trumped up against him. To escape prosecution he fled to Chalcis in Euboea so that Aristotle says The Athenians might not have another opportunity of sinning against philosophy as they had already done in the person of Socrates. In the first year of his residence at Chalcis he complained of a stomach illness and died in 3. BCE. 2. Writings. One Direction S' title='One Direction S' />It is reported that Aristotles writings were held by his student Theophrastus, who had succeeded Aristotle in leadership of the Peripatetic School. Theophrastuss library passed to his pupil Neleus. To protect the books from theft, Neleuss heirs concealed them in a vault, where they were damaged somewhat by dampness, moths and worms. In this hiding place they were discovered about 1. BCE by Apellicon, a rich book lover, and brought to Athens. They were later taken to Rome after the capture of Athens by Sulla in 8. BCE. In Rome they soon attracted the attention of scholars, and the new edition of them gave fresh impetus to the study of Aristotle and of philosophy in general. This collection is the basis of the works of Aristotle that we have today. Strangely, the list of Aristotles works given by Diogenes Laertius does not contain any of these treatises. It is possible that Diogenes list is that of forgeries compiled at a time when the real works were lost to sight. The works of Aristotle fall under three headings 1 dialogues and other works of a popular character 2 collections of facts and material from scientific treatment and 3 systematic works. Among his writings of a popular nature the only one which we possess of any consequence is the interesting tract On the Polity of the Athenians.