IOActive Labs Research Hacking the Java Debug Wire Protocol or. TL DR turn any open JDWP service into reliable remote code execution exploit insidelt plagiarism Kids, Im gonna tell you an incredible story. This is the story of how I came across an interesting protocol during a recent engagement for IOActive and turned it into a reliable way to execute remote code. In this post, I will explain the Java Debug Wire Protocol JDWP and why it is interesting from a pentesters point of view. I will cover some JDWP internals and how to use them to perform code execution, resulting in a reliable and universal exploitation script. So lets get started. Capture.png' alt='Scapy How To Install' title='Scapy How To Install' />Download the free trial version below to get started. Doubleclick the downloaded file to install the software. En esta ocasin veremos la forma de auditar este tipo de dispositivos, historial de uso y toda la informacin relativa a cada dispositivo conectado, as como fechas. Learn Python From Scratch Go from zero programming to building great network apps with Python. Full Python Apps Inside RootaX201EPhomea sudo apt install libnl3dev libnlgenl3dev pkgconfig libssldev nettools git sysfsutils pythonscapy pythonpycryptodome. SciPy pronounced Sigh Pie is a Pythonbased ecosystem of opensource software for mathematics, science, and engineering. In particular, these are some of the. Philosophy Metaphilosophy Metaphysics Epistemology Ethics Politics Aesthetics Thought Mental Cognition. Hacking the Java Debug Wire Protocol or How I met your Java debugger. Raw Socket. . ,,. Scapy How To Install' title='Scapy How To Install' />Disclaimer This post provides techniques and exploitation code that should not be used against vulnerable environments without prior authorization. The author cannot be held responsible for any private use of the tool or techniques described therein. Note As I was looking into JDWP, I stumbled upon two brief posts on the same topic see 5 in French and 6. N8.png' alt='Scapy How To Install' title='Scapy How To Install' />They are worth reading, but do not expect that a deeper understanding of the protocol itself will allow you to reliably exploit it. This post does not reveal any 0 day exploits, but instead thoroughly covers JDWP from a pentesterattacker perspective. Java Debug Wire Protocol. Java Platform Debug Architecture JPDAJDWP is one component of the global Java debugging system, called the Java Platform Debug Architecture JPDA2. The following is a diagram of the overall architecture The Debuggee consists of a multi threaded JVM running our target application. In order to be remotely debuggable, the JVM instance must be explicitly started with the option Xdebug passed on the command line, as well as the option Xrunjdwp or agentlib. For example, starting a Tomcat server with remote debugging enabled would look like this As shown in the architecture diagram, the Java Debug Wire Protocol is the central link between the Debugger and the JVM instance. Observations about the protocol include It is a packet based network binary protocol. It is mostly synchronous. The debugger sends a command over JDWP and expects to receive a reply. However, some commands, like Events, do not expect a synchronous response. They will send a reply when specific conditions are met. For example, a Break. Point is an Event. It does not use authentication. It does not use encryption. All of these observations make total sense since we are talking about a debugging protocol. However, when such a service is exposed to a hostile network, or is Internet facing, things could go wrong. Handshake. JDWP dictates9 that communication must be initiated by a simple handshake. Upon successful TCP connection, the Debugger client sends the 1. ASCII string JDWP Handshake. The Debuggee server responds to this message by sending the exact same string. The following scapy3 trace shows the initial two way handshake root toolsscapy hg ip addr show dev eth. Welcome to Scapy 2. Sniffed TCP 9 UDP 1 ICMP 0 Other 0 tcp. Ether IP TCP 1. S0. Ether IP TCP 1. SA0. Ether IP TCP 1. A0. Ether IP TCP 1. PA Raw. A 4. 4 5. 7 5. 0 2. D 4. 8 6. 1 6. E  6. B 6. 5         JDWP Handshake. Ether IP TCP 1. A0. Ether IP TCP 1. A0. Ether IP TCP 1. PA Raw. A 4. 4 5. 7 5. 0 2. D 4. 8 6. 1 6. E  6. B 6. 5         JDWP Handshake. Ether IP TCP 1. AAn experienced security auditor may have already realised that such a simple handshake offers a way to easily uncover live JDWP services on the Internet. Just send one simple probe and check for the specific response. More interestingly, a behavior was observed on the IBM Java Development Kit when scanning with Shodan. HQ4 with the server talking first with the very same banner mentioned. As a consequence, there is a totally passive way to discover an active JDWP service this is covered later on in this article with the help of the infamous Shodan. Communication. JDWP defines messages1. Debugger and the Debuggee. The messages follow a simple structure, defined as follows The Length and Id fields are rather self explanatory. The Flag field is only used to distinguish request packets from replies, a value of 0x. The Command. Set field defines the category of the Command as shown in the following table. Command. Set   Command. Action to be taken by the JVM e. Break. Point0x. 400x. F        Provide event information to the debugger e. JVM has       hit a Break. Point and is waiting for further actions0x. Third party extensions. Keeping in mind that we want to execute arbitrary code, the following commands are the most interesting for our purposes. Virtual. MachineIDSizes defines the size of the data structures handled by the JVM. This is one of the reasons why the nmap script jdwp exec. Class. TypeInvoke. Method allows you to invoke a static function. Object. ReferenceInvoke. Method allows you to invoke a function from an instantiated object in the JVM. Stack. FrameGetSetValues provides pushingpopping capabilities from threads stack. Buku Biologi Sma Kelas Xi. EventComposite forces the JVM to react to specific behaviors declared by this command. This command is a major key for debugging purposes as it allows, among many other things, setting breakpoints, single stepping through the threads during runtime, and being notified when accessingmodifying values in the exact same manner as GDB or Win. DBG. Not only does JDWP allow you to access and invoke objects already residing in memory, it also allows you to create or overwrite data. Virtual. MachineCreate. String allows  you to transform a string into a java. String living in the JVM runtime. Virtual. MachineRedefine. Classes allows you to install new class definitions. All your JDWP are belong to usAs we have seen, JDWP provides built in commands to load arbitrary classes into the JVM memory and invoke already existing andor newly loaded bytecode. The following section will cover the steps for creating exploitation code in Python, which behaves as a partial implementation of a JDI front end in order to be as reliable as possible. The main reason for this standalone exploit script is that, as a pentester, I like head shot exploits. That is, when I know for sure an environmentapplicationprotocol is vulnerable, I want to have my tool ready to exploit it right away i. Po. C, which is basically the only thing that existed so far. So now that we have covered the theory, lets get into the practical implementation. When faced with an open JDWP service, arbitrary command execution is exactly five steps away or with this exploit, only one command line away. Here is how it would go down 1. Fetch Java Runtime reference. The JVM manipulates objects through their references. For this reason, our exploit must first obtain the reference to the java. Runtime class. From this class, we need the reference to the get. Runtime method. This is performed by fetching all classes All. Classes packet and all methods in the class we are looking for Reference. TypeMethods packet. Setup breakpoint and wait for notification asynchronous callsThis is the key to our exploit. To invoke arbitrary code, we need to be in a running thread context. To do so, a hack is to setup a breakpoint on a method which is known to be called at runtime. As seen earlier, a breakpoint in JDI is an asynchronous event whose type is set to BREAKPOINT0x.